. . . . . . "28 July 1808" . . "Ottoman coups of 1807\u201308" . . . . "Pro-reform factions" . "Ottoman coups of 1807\u20131808" . . "Ottoman Empire" . . . . . "Ottoman coups of 1807\u20131808" . "Victory of pro-reform elements in theOttoman Empire; decline of theJanissarieshastened" . . . . "29 May 1807" . . . . . . . . "Anti-reform factions" . . "1808" . . . "Janissaries" . . . . . .