"Constitutional provision" . "seventeenth Amendment" . "directly electable by the people" . . "Main Article: 17th Amendment to the United States Constitution" . . "U.S. Senate elections" . "17th amendment" . . "proposed amendment" . "17th Amendment to the United States Constitution" . "the 17th that requires popular election of senators" . "passage" . "seventeenth amendment" . "directly elected only from 1913" . "Seventeenth Amendment to the United States Constitution" . "Seventeenth Amendment, Section 1" . "Seventeenth_Amendment_to_the_United_States_Constitution" . . "at the time" . . "Seventeenth Amendment to the United States Constitution" . "constitutional amendment to allow it" . . "U.S. Const. amend. XVII" . "17th Amendment" . "Seventeenth Amendment, Section 2" . . . "popular election of Senators" . "naming" . "17th Amendment to the Constitution" . "direct popular election of Senators" . "seventeenth Amendment to the United States Constitution" . . "Seventeenth" . "majority of the popular vote" . "Direct election of Senators" . "direct election of U.S. senators" . "elected by popular vote" . "elected" . . . "popular election of senators" . "1913" . "17th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution" . "an amendment" . "direct election of Senators" . "before 1913, in the United States" . . . "popular election in 1913" . "popular vote" . "adopted in 1913" . "direct election of United States senators" . "income tax" . . "Direct Election" . "17th amendment to the U.S. Constitution" . "direct election of U.S. Senators" . "direct election of senators" . "None" . "the Seventeenth Amendment" . "Seventeenth Amendment" . "Senators were popularly elected" . "election" . "direct Senate election" . . "17th" . "Seventeenth Amendments" . "pre-1913 United States" . "direct elections of U.S. Senators" . "criticism" . "senators had been popularly elected" . "Seventeenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution" .