. "Substitution model" . . . "Markov model" . . "model of evolution" . . . . "Jukes and Cantor (1969)" . "Kimura modeling" . "mechanistic model" . "the mathematics of substitution models section" . "residue substitution rates" . . . "substitution" . . "substitution rates" . "Substitution model" . "Substitution model#Generalised time reversible" . . "models of sequence evolution" . . "substitution model" .